Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Income Taxes

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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company's effective income tax rates were 26.1% and 22.0%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the effective income tax rates were 24.8% and 18.2%, respectively. The increase in the effective income tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2019 was primarily driven by the change in mix of book income or loss among jurisdictions. The increase in the effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2019 was driven primarily by the change in mix of book income or loss among jurisdictions, and the recognition in 2019 of a one-time tax benefit related to the passage of a Swiss tax reform package.
Income tax expense, deferred tax assets and related liabilities are based on estimates. In the three months ended March 31, 2020, a $1.5 million valuation allowance adjustment was recorded related to the expected portion of tax benefits that would not be realized in certain foreign jurisdictions based on available evidence. The likelihood of realizing the benefits of the deferred tax assets was assessed as of
September 30, 2020 and no additional valuation allowance adjustment was recorded. The Company will continue to monitor the realizability of deferred tax assets, particularly in certain foreign jurisdictions where the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic may result in net operating losses. The ability to recover these deferred tax assets depends on several factors, including results of operations and the ability to project future taxable income in those jurisdictions. If it is determined that some additional portion of the tax benefits will not be realized, valuation allowance would be recorded, which would increase income tax expense. Total deferred tax assets as of September 30, 2020 were approximately $77.1 million, of which approximately $7.7 million related to foreign jurisdictions where the Company expects to incur significant net operating losses in the near term, although the risks of failing to realize these benefits vary across jurisdictions.